Appendix
Secondary data: Biomass storage emissions
The table below specifies secondary data for the calculation of biomass storage emissions. Biomass storage emissions are calculated as part of the emissions from CO2 generation and/or Internal energy use (parasitic load).
Table A1 Summary of cow and chicken manure characteristics (from Esnouf et al., 2021 unless otherwise stated).
Fresh matter as nitrogen (%)
1.4
-
Dry matter in manure (%)
-
24
Dry matter as nitrogen (%)
-
2.7
Nitrogen lost as N2O per 180 days of storage (%)
2
2
Rate of N2O released from manure spreading (kgN2O/t of manure spread)
0.177
0.177
Biochemical methane potential (BMP) (m3 CH4/tonne fresh manure)
86
51
Methane emissions during storage (as % of BMP)
1.5
1.5
Table A2 Summary of slurry characteristics (from Esnouf et al., 2021 unless otherwise stated).
Dry matter in slurry (%)
4.27
Dry matter as nitrogen (%)
7.11
Nitrogen lost as N2O per 180 days of storage (%)
0.08
Rate of N2O released from slurry spreading (kgN2O/t of manure spread)
0.057
Biochemical methane potential (BMP) (m3 CH4/tonne fresh slurry)
19
Methane emissions during storage (as % of BMP)
36
Ecoinvent activities
The table below presents a non-exhaustive selection of Ecoinvent activities that may be used in the GHG reduction calculations for this methodology. Additional activities may be used for any project, if the following selection does not cover all relevant activities.
Table A3 List of ecoinvent 3.12 processes used in the GHG reduction quantification model, all processes are from the cutoff database.
grid electricity
market for electricity, low voltage
market for electricity, medium voltage
onsite solar electricity
electricity production, photovoltaic, 570kWp open ground installation, multi-Si
diesel fuel material
market for diesel, low-sulfur
market for diesel
diesel burning
diesel, burned in agricultural machinery
diesel, burned in diesel-electric generating set, 18.5kW
natural gas burning
natural gas, burned in gas turbine
heat, from steam
market for heat, from steam, in chemical industry
heat, from municipal incineration
heat, from municipal waste incineration to generic market for heat district or industrial, other than natural gas
heat, from biomethane burning
market for heat, central or small-scale, biomethane
heat, from straw burning in a furnace
heat production, straw, at furnace 300kW
heat, from natural gas
market for heat, district or industrial, natural gas
market for heat, central or small-scale, natural gas
water
market for tap water
market for water, decarbonised
market for water, deionised
non-hazardous landfill
market for process-specific burdens, slag landfill
market for process-specific burdens, sanitary landfill
market for process-specific burdens, inert material landfill
hazardous waste treatment
market for hazardous waste, for incineration
market for hazardous waste, for underground deposit
Energy crop: maize silage
maize silage production | maize silage | Cutoff, U, RoW
Energy crop: sunflower
market for sunflower silage | sunflower silage | Cutoff, U, GLO
Energy crop: rye grass
market for ryegrass silage | ryegrass silage | Cutoff, U, GLO
Energy crop: other grass silage
grass silage production, Swiss integrated production, intensive | grass silage, Swiss integrated production | Cutoff, U, CH
Energy crop: alfalfa, and triticale
alfalfa-grass mixture production, Swiss integrated production | alfalfa-grass mixture, Swiss integrated production | Cutoff, U, CH
Energy crop: whole corn
sweet corn production | sweet corn | Cutoff, U, RoW
Straw
wheat grain production | straw | Cutoff, U, RoW
Biogas plant construction
anaerobic digestion plant construction, agriculture, with methane recovery | anaerobic digestion plant, agriculture, with methane recovery | Cutoff, U, RoW
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